La Unión Europea y la Cooperación Triangular.
Contexto internacional
La Agenda 2030 y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible reconocen los desafíos globales que deben abordarse a través de un enfoque regional y global. Se basan en la noción de asociación global, emprendimiento conjunto y ejecución colectiva, independientemente del nivel de desarrollo de un país en particular.
El Nuevo Consenso Europeo sobre el Desarrollo reforzó este enfoque, centrando sus prioridades en las nociones de Planeta, Prosperidad, Personas, Paz y Partenariado (Asociaciones). El Consenso resalta particularmente la necesidad de un compromiso innovador con los países en desarrollo más avanzados. Como parte de este compromiso, el Consenso establece que "la UE y sus Estados miembros trabajarán con estos países para promover la cooperación Sur-Sur y la cooperación triangular, de conformidad con los principios de eficacia del desarrollo". En este sentido, el objetivo de la Cooperación Triangular es movilizar recursos adicionales para alcanzar los ODS y contribuir a la reducción de la pobreza.
La Cooperación Triangular se está volviendo cada vez más relevante para movilizar e incrementar las capacidades de cooperación fuera de los caminos tradicionales de la cooperación para el desarrollo. Se trata de una modalidad que puede ayudar a empoderar al nivel local, promoviendo la cooperación y los intercambios, llenando las lagunas de conocimientos y movilizando mejor los niveles técnicos y de políticas. La cooperación triangular también puede ser un vehículo para que recursos procedentes de donantes emergentes se aprovechen en agendas de desarrollo compartidas.
Estos no son conceptos nuevos, los principios para la cooperación técnica entre países en desarrollo se establecieron en el Plan de Acción de Buenos Aires de 1978 (BAPA), que celebró sus 40 años de existencia en marzo de 2019, con 138 países adherentes. La UE contribuyó al borrador del documento final del BAPA +40 y estuvo representada en Buenos Aires por el Comisario de la UE para la Cooperación Internacional y el Desarrollo, junto con representantes de los Estados miembros de la UE.
Marco de referencia UE-ALC
Al alcanzar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, los desafíos mundiales requerirán asociaciones regionales e intercambio de experiencia técnica y conocimientos específicos. Estos escenarios están conduciendo a una redefinición de las relaciones UE-ALC para responder de manera efectiva a los nuevos desafíos de desarrollo planteados por América Latina.
En este sentido, el crecimiento económico positivo experimentado en América Latina durante las últimas décadas, ha permitido que casi todos los países de la región hayan adquirido el estatus de “país de renta media”, influyendo en el papel que la región juega en el contexto internacional.
La región está demostrando su capacidad para ofrecer respuestas innovadoras y personalizadas a los desafíos planteados por la Agenda 2030. Y la UE sigue comprometida a trabajar junto con los países de América Latina y el Caribe para abordar estos desafíos y desarrollar capacidades conjuntas para ofrecer innovación mediante el financiamiento que otorga el Instrumento de Cooperación al Desarrollo (ICD).
En el marco del ICD, Reglamento UE 233/2014, que insta a la Unión Europea a desarrollar asociaciones con los países beneficiarios en virtud de nuevos marcos de políticas, la cooperación birregional comenzó a evolucionar a partir de una relación donante-receptor (centrada sobre políticas nacionales de reducción de la pobreza y programas en el país) hacia una relación más equilibrada con una mayor atención a cuestiones de interés mutuo.
En este marco, la Cooperación Triangular se ha convertido en una prioridad en función de su capacidad para ofrecer estructuras más flexibles, innovación y respuestas personalizadas a las realidades locales. La Cooperación Triangular también es esencial para la proyección externa de la región en la agenda internacional como laboratorio de ideas y nuevos tipos de cooperación. De hecho, entre 2006 y 2016 la evolución del número de acciones, proyectos e iniciativas de Cooperación Triangular que han tenido lugar en la región, muestra un fuerte crecimiento sostenido.
La UE también ve a la región de América Latina como una opción natural para lanzar un nuevo enfoque de cooperación internacional llamado 'desarrollo en transición', basado en asociaciones multilaterales, estrategias integrales de propiedad nacional, flexibilidad e innovación, y reconocimiento de la contribución única de todos los países involucrados. Incluye el diseño de nuevas asociaciones entre y dentro de las regiones, también mediante la Cooperación Sur-Sur y Triangular, y la búsqueda de nuevas formas de interactuar con países con un mayor nivel de desarrollo e ingresos, como lo son muchos en América Latina. Para incorporar este enfoque, en 2018 se aprobó la Facilidad Regional para América Latina y el Caribe sobre Desarrollo en Transición junto a la OCDE y la CEPAL. La asignación inicial de la UE fue de € 9,5 millones.
Por último, cabe decir que el camino emprendido por el Nuevo Consenso Europeo sobre Desarrollo ha sido recientemente completado (en abril de 2019) con el lanzamiento de la Comunicación conjunta UE-ALC elaborada por el Servicio Europeo de Acción Exterior. Según este documento, la cooperación para el desarrollo (regional y bilateral) de la UE debe basarse en la noción de asociaciones personalizadas, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades, estrategias, prioridades y recursos de los países de ALC. Estas asociaciones deben abarcar la cooperación para el desarrollo y la asistencia financiera, pero también incluir una gama de estrategias, políticas e instrumentos, a fin de reflejar la creciente variedad de circunstancias de los países en desarrollo.
Sin duda, para fomentar este nuevo tipo de asociación con América Latina, la UE considera fundamental contar con una modalidad como es la Cooperación Triangular para contribuir al logro de la Agenda 2030 y el compromiso de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de “no dejar a nadie atrás”.
Past events
Second United Nations Conference On South-South And Triangular Cooperation, PABA +40.
The Argentine Republic will host the "Second High Level Conference of the United Nations on South-South Cooperation" between March 20 and 22, 2019.
The High Level Conference was convened by the General Assembly of the United Nations (UNGA) through Resolution 71/244, by which the Argentine Republic was designated as...
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Global South-South Development Exhibition – GSSD
The World Expo on South-South Development (GSSD Expo) will take place this year at the United Nations headquarters in New York from November 28 to 30, 2018. Organized by the Office of South-South Cooperation of the United Nations (UNOSSC), in collaboration with United Nations agencies and other partners, the GSSD Expo will strategically involve...
›› Leer másDay for the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation
South-South cooperation is a manifestation of solidarity among peoples and countries of the South that contributes to the well-being of these populations, their collective independence and the achievement of internationally agreed development goals, such as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
This...
›› Leer másInvest in SDGs through South-South and Triangular Cooperation
South-South cooperation has become an important vehicle to accelerate sustainable development. Investment is an important dimension, which is rapidly increasing among countries in the global South. However, there are still challenges to overcome in the achievement of the full potential of South-South investments and their impact on sustainable...
›› Leer másInformal Meeting on Triangular Cooperation
AIMS:
- Provide a forum for open discussion, at the highest level, on the current status of triangular cooperation (TC) and to what extent TC should focus at the level of the G20, in order to provide political force to TC as a tool for achieving the SDGs
- ...
International Meeting on Triangular Cooperation, jointly organised by the OECD
This international meeting will bring together a wide range of professionals and officials from the different actors involved in triangular cooperation. It will provide an opportunity for participants to share knowledge and experiences on how triangular cooperation can achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, on management practices and tools...
›› Leer másInternational Workshop: Perspectives on triangular cooperation in the G20
Day for the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation
Pursuant to resolution 58/220 of 23rd December 2003, the General Assembly of the United Nations decided to declare the 19th of December United Nations Day for South-South Cooperation. The term South-South cooperation is used by politicians and academics to describe the exchange of resources, technology, and knowledge between...
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It is my pleasure to introduce the publication of the document for the systematisation of the ADELANTE Programme, which systematises its first phase of execution, covering the period between 2016 and 2020.
Throughout its first four years of life, the ADELANTE Programme and its eight projects of Triangular Cooperation between Europe and Latin America and the Caribbean have generated positive impacts in a good number of countries of the region, effectively contributing to 27 Goals and 9 Objectives of the Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development. Key to this has been the involvement and commitment of more than 50 public, academic and social institutions from 23 European and Latin American countries.
The Paper called "The Added Value of Triangular Cooperation - Lessons Learned from the ADELANTE Programme" was officially presented in Brussels on 27 January 2020. Representatives from Latin American and Caribbean countries, as well as from other regions and several Member States, together with a number of people from DEVCO directorates and units, and from the social, business and academic sectors crowded into DEVCO's Info Point to learn about the outcome of this OECD - European Union joint exercise.
Based on the very positive experiences of the meetings in Montevideo (October 2018) and Buenos Aires (March 2019), the Third Meeting of projects of the ADELANTE Programme was held in San José, Costa Rica, on 11, 12 and 13 November.
The Fifth International Meeting on Triangular Cooperation was held in Lisbon on 17 and 18 October, organized by the Development Cooperation Directorate of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and by the Camões - Institute for Cooperation and Language, with support from the Ibero-American Programme to Strengthen South-South Cooperation
The Second High-Level UN Conference on South-South Cooperation (BAPA+40) took place from 20 to 22 March, in Buenos Aires, organized by the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation (UNOSSC), in collaboration with the Government of Argentina.
Commissioner for International Cooperation and Development Neven Mimica is on an official visit to Buenos Aires to promote innovative multilateral partnerships for sustainable development, in particular triangular cooperation, and to discuss the EU's cooperation with Argentina.
The European Commissioner for Development and Cooperation, Neven Mimica, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Chile, Roberto Ampuero, were the keynote speakers of the High Level Dialogue held in Santiago, Chile on October 4, on cooperation for development between the European Union (EU) and Latin America and the Caribbean.
Foto cortesia http://www.panamaon.com/
As part of her official mission in Jamaica, Deputy Minister María Luisa Navarro accompanied by the Director General of Cooperation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Selina Baños presided over the First Meeting of the Joint Commission between Panama and Jamaica in the framework of cooperation for development between both countries, where both parties expressed their desire to continue developing and deepening the association that exists between Panama.
Alicia Bárcena, Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL, durante el seminario realizado en Panamá.
Foto: gentileza Unión Europea
A call to rethink development and generate a new consensus based on greater regional integration, international cooperation that effectively supports countries in transition to the development of Latin America and the Caribbean, and investments and industrial policies that favor the environmental impulse towards a more sustainable growth for equality, said the Executive Secretary of ECLAC, Alicia Bárcena, during a high-level meeting organized by the European Union (EU) in Panama.
Lessons learned from Triangular Cooperation between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean
The purpose of this document is to compile and analyse the lessons learned from ADELANTE, the European Union’s flagship programme for Triangular Cooperation with Latin America and the Caribbean.
The experiences gathered in it are the result of the implementation of eight projects co-financed by the programme during the period 2016 to 2020. These projects have been characterised by addressing different thematic areas, taking place in several countries and with a wide variety of actors, building on different forms of collaboration among one another and with different action strategies.
However, ADELANTE has touched on many other important areas of work these past four years: the added value of Triangular Cooperation as a development modality, the contribution to the 2030 Agenda, knowledge management, strategic relationships and an active role in Triangular Cooperation, communication and visibility.
The Value Added of Triangular Co-operation
This paper is the result of a joint pilot exercise of the “Toolkit for identifying, monitoring and evaluating the value added of triangular co-operation” among the EU-LAC Facility for Triangular Co-operation (ADELANTE) and the OECD. The eight projects of the ADELANTE Facility worked with the questionnaire of the evaluation tool to assess the value added of working in a trilateral partnership. The EU team and the projects agreed that the six areas identified as potential value added of triangular co-operation are valid for ADELANTE. The joint pilot exercise was insightful and inspiring for all of the partners involved as an instrument for mutual learning. The recommendations arising from this joint exercise will contribute to the design of future EU triangular co-operation initiatives, aiming to make good use of the value added of the modality and addressing the challenges in a constructive, forward-looking way.
Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2018
With barely a few months to the Conference commemorating the 40th anniversary of the Buenos Aires Plan of Action (BAPA), recognized as a foundational landmark of modern SouthSouth Cooperation, the Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB) is delighted to present the Report on South-South Cooperation in IberoAmerica 2018 to the international community. This eleventh edition of the Report signals a new phase in the history of a publication that continues to be the only regional report on South-South Cooperation in the world. The year 2017 marked the tenth anniversary of the first edition of the Report on SouthSouth Cooperation in Ibero-America, and the mandate provided by the Heads of State and Government of our countries, within the framework of the 27th Ibero-American Summit at Santiago de Chile, to push for its annual publication.
Ten years in which we have gained an unprecedented experience and knowledge, with the support of the Ibero-American Program to Strengthen South-South Cooperation (PIFCSS) and each of the 22 member countries. We have also designed and implemented the regional online data platform on South-South Cooperation (SIDICSS, by its Spanish acronym), unique in the world, whose greatest asset is the opportunity to learn more and better about the SSC in which Ibero-America participated through the nearly 8,000 projects registered and stored to date on our data platform.
Good Practices in South-South and Triangular Cooperation for Sustainable Development
The importance of South-South and triangular cooperation in accelerating sustainable development has gained continued momentum over the last decades. There is growing consensus around sharing ideas, knowledge and skills to address common challenges and build shared strengths. Developing countries are increasingly recognizing good practices in South-South and triangular cooperation as viable pathways to accelerate progress in the attainment of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The new surge in South-South and triangular cooperation has also seen countries in the South increasingly championing solutions that address common transnational development challenges which would be difficult to tackle independently.
The second of its series, the Good Practices in South-South and Triangular Cooperation for Sustainable Development highlights how South-South cooperation and triangular cooperation can accelerate progress towards the implementation and achievement of the SDGs. This series features more than 100 good practices presented by Member States, United Nations agencies and other development partners. This compendium of good practices presents notable solutions at the national, subregional, regional and global levels to crucial challenges faced by developing countries ranging from efforts to eradicate poverty, reduce inequality, support climate change action and create peaceful and cohesive societies. It demonstrates how developing countries collaborate among themselves to address challenges through solidarity, peer-to-peer learning and collective self-reliance. The evidence gathered in this volume aims to benefit developing countries seeking to scale up South-South and triangular cooperation initiatives, particularly in the widespread application of policies, strategies and programmes.
A Decade of South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America
A Decade of South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America is a publication to commemorate the joint work undertaken by SEGIB and the Ibero-American countries in South-South Cooperation since its beginning 2007. The result of this joint effort of systematization, recording and analysis of South-South Cooperation initiatives has been reflected in the successive editions of the Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America, an international benchmark publication by the Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB). Therefore, the book commemorates both the joint cooperative efforts of the region as well as the first ten editions of the Report.
La Cooperación Sur-Sur y la Cooperación Triangular de la OIT y el trabajo decente
En el presente documento se informa sobre la aplicación de la Estrategia de la OIT sobre la cooperación Sur-Sur y la cooperación triangular (CSSCT) adoptada por el Consejo de Administración en marzo de 2012, y se proponen medidas futuras en materia de CSSCT, con miras a contribuir a la próxima discusión general sobre la eficacia de la cooperación para el desarrollo en apoyo de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), que tendrá lugar en la 107.ª reunión de la Conferencia Internacional del Trabajo (2018).
Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2017
The Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2017 is put forward to the international community within a specific context of South-South Cooperation (SSC) in which three particularly important processes come together. Firstly, the global debate ahead of the United Nations High-level Conference that commemorates the 40th anniversary of the Buenos Aires Plan of Action (BAPA+40), the foundational milestone of contemporary SSC. Secondly, the progress made in the instrumentalization of the new Sustainable Development Goals’ (SDGs) Agenda 2030, which gives SSC and its specific instruments an unprecedented role in the new global development agenda. Thirdly, a decade since the first Report on South-South Cooperation in IberoAmerica, a far-reaching technical and political effort that has made IberoAmerica an international benchmark in this field, which reflects symmetric, horizontal, voluntary cooperation, based on the belief that we all have to learn and contribute to building an inclusive and sustainable development.
DT/14 - Lecciones aprendidas y retos para la articulación de actores y la gestión de la Cooperación Descentralizada Sur-Sur
DT/13 - Guía orientadora para la sistematización de experiencias. Perspectiva de género, ODS y Cooperación Sur-Sur
Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2016
South-South Cooperation has amassed a wealth of experience over six decades. Its history has shown steady progress; an evolution accomplished through discussions in the learning process about development. Ibero-America has contributed to this evolution with the first, comprehensive, online, information platform on South-South Cooperation. The results of the information gathered, processed and analyzed on this platform are delivered to the entire international community through this Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2016.
Indeed, the Ibero-American Integrated Data System on South-South and Triangular Cooperation (SIDICSS), operational since September 2015, is the outcome of the joint endeavor of Ibero-American countries, the Ibero-American Program to Strengthen SouthSouth Cooperation (PIFCSS) and the Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB). Having spent nearly a decade supporting the Ibero-American countries in their endeavor to develop more and better South-South Cooperation, it is a source of pride, and enormous responsibility, that SEGIB has been mandated by the Ibero-American countries to host and ensure the proper functioning of this platform to the best interest of all Member States.
Instituciones relacionadas con Cooperación Triangular
Agência Brasileira de Cooperação
Agencia Chilena de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo
Agencia Peruana de Cooperación Internacional
Agencia Presidencial para la Cooperación Internacional – APC-Colombia
Agencia Mexicana de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo
Agencia Uruguaya de Cooperación Internacional
Cooperación Internacional Ecuador
Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Movilidad Humana
Dirección de Cooperación Internacional
Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto de Costa Rica
https://www.rree.go.cr/?sec=ministerio&cat=cooperacion%20internacional
Dirección de Cooperación Internacional
Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Paraguay
Dirección General de Cooperación Internacional - Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto de la República Argentina
Dirección General de Cooperación Multilateral
Ministerio de Economía, Planificación y Desarrollo de República Dominicana
Dirección General de Cooperación para el Desarrollo - Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de El Salvador
Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores y Cooperación
Subsecretaria de Cooperación Internacional
Secretaría de Planificación y Programación de Guatemala
Subsecretaria de Cooperación internacional y Relaciones Económicas
Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores de Honduras
Comité de Cooperación Sur-Sur de CEPAL
https://www.cepal.org/es/organos-subsidiarios/comite-cooperacion-sur-sur
Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo
Dirección de Cooperación Internacional y Desarrollo (DG DEVCO) de la Comisión Europea
https://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/la-dg-de-cooperacion-internacional-y-desarrollo-dg-devco_es
Corporación Alemana para la Cooperación Internacional - GIZ
Instituto da Cooperação e da Lingua Portugal - CAMÕES
Oficina de las Naciones Unidas para la Cooperación Sur-Sur - UNOSSC
Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos - OCDE
Organizzazione internazionale italo-latino americana - IILA
Programa Iberoamericano para el fortalecimiento
de Cooperación Sur-Sur - PIFCSS
Portal de Cooperación Sur-Sur de la FAO
